專訪嘉賓

Prof. Dr. med. Christian Stief 

1、您是何時(shí)決定從醫(yī)的呢？又為什么專攻泌尿外科呢？

Why did you decide to pursue a career in medicine and why, in particular, did you decide to specialize in Urology?

我來自一個(gè)非常古老的醫(yī)學(xué)世家，自我曾曾祖父那代起就從醫(yī)了，我的祖父、曾祖父等人他們都是外科醫(yī)生。他們不是傳統(tǒng)意義上的外科醫(yī)生，是婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生。當(dāng)時(shí)的醫(yī)生一般身兼兩職，是普外科醫(yī)生同時(shí)也是婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生。

I come from a pretty old family of medical doctors. Already my grand-grandfather has been a doctor. And almost all these people, my grandfather, my grand-grandfather, they all have been doctors and they all have been surgeons, not really surgeons, but gynecologists. But at that time, usually people were at the same time both general surgeons and gynecologists.

所以我從未考慮過自己未來的職業(yè)。對于我來說，成為一名醫(yī)生好像是自然而然的事情。后來我很幸運(yùn)地被醫(yī)學(xué)院錄取了。學(xué)醫(yī)的過程很有趣，而且歐洲的醫(yī)學(xué)教育普適性非常高，我學(xué)到許多對日常生活很有價(jià)值的知識。所以首先我是非常愿意從醫(yī)的，其次是我有幸進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，其三我在學(xué)醫(yī)過程中獲得很多樂趣。

And I even haven't thought about it, but for me, it was all-natural that I should at least consider becoming a medical doctor. And I was lucky to be accepted into the university. Later on, I really had lots of fun in the study to become a doctor, because at least the study for medicine here in Europe is so broad that I can learn a lot of things that are useful for daily life. So I was first positive to go into medicine. I was fortunate to get a place over there. And I had lots of fun studying medicine.

大學(xué)期間我輾轉(zhuǎn)過很多學(xué)校求學(xué)。我一開始在德法交界處的洪堡市學(xué)習(xí)。然后我到了弗萊堡，那是一個(gè)非常可愛、典型的歐洲大學(xué)城。后來我去了南非博茨瓦納學(xué)習(xí)。從南非回來后我又回到弗萊堡，又從弗萊堡到法國蒙彼利埃大學(xué)完成我最后一年的學(xué)習(xí)。

I changed universities many times. I started in the countryside, what is called Homburg at the French border. Then I studied in Freiburg, which is a very lovely, smaller, classical European student town. Then I went to Africa, to Botswana. Then I went back to Freiburg, and from Freiburg, I went to France and studied my last year in France at Montpellier.

剛才你們問我為什么選擇泌尿外科，不得不說，一切純屬巧合。一開始我想成為像我的祖輩一樣的婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生。但是大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我需要到軍隊(duì)服兵役15個(gè)月。當(dāng)時(shí)在德國每個(gè)成年男性都要義務(wù)服兵役。當(dāng)時(shí)我沒有選擇的機(jī)會，我被分配到一家軍隊(duì)醫(yī)院的泌尿科服役。接觸下來后，我不得不承認(rèn)我非常喜歡這份工作，非常喜歡做泌尿科手術(shù)，也非常喜歡科里的病人，因此我決定深耕泌尿科。

And then you ask me: “why did you become a urologist?” I have to admit that this has been a pure coincidence. I, as my people before me, obviously wanted to become a gynecologist. But in Germany, at that time, after I finished my university studies, I had to go to the military for 15 months, what we call is “being drafted”, which means it's mandatory that anybody had to go to the military. And since I finished my medical studies, they offered me a job in a military hospital for 15 months. And I didn't really have the chance (to choose). They just put me into the department of urology. And then I have to admit, I liked the job a lot, I liked the surgery a lot, I liked the patients a lot. And then I stood in urology.

2、您的早年經(jīng)歷如何塑造你的成就？

How did your early youth experience shape your success?

我來自一個(gè)小小的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，并不是什么大城市。我成長的環(huán)境非常安全，小鎮(zhèn)里沒有罪案、沒有毒品，一切“壞影響”都不存在，所以我有一個(gè)非常幸運(yùn)的少年時(shí)代，我的雙親非常疼愛我。周邊的社會環(huán)境和氛圍很好，小鎮(zhèn)的孩子們有快樂的童年、安全的成長環(huán)境，同時(shí)亦明白要非常努力。誠然，我們可以盡情享受人生，但是我們更可以通過努力在學(xué)校獲得好成績，并獲得一份體面的工作來取得成功。
I come from the countryside, from a small town, not from a big city. And I have been brought up, let's say, in very safe ways. It means that it's a small town where the crime did not exist, where there were no drugs, there were no bad influences. So I had a pretty lucky youth. I was brought up by parents who really love me.So the circumstances were pretty good and what you learn in the countryside when you have a reasonable childhood and grow up in safe circumstances, is to work reasonably hard. Still, you can enjoy life, but you can make succeed just by working hard, trying to get good grades in school, and just trying to do a reasonable job.
除了在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)之外，課余時(shí)間也是非常重要的一部分。在校外培養(yǎng)能力和視野很重要。我們一般會參加小規(guī)模團(tuán)體活動(dòng)，在歐洲一般是到教堂或者慈善組織參加活動(dòng)。活動(dòng)過程中，我們學(xué)會如何與他人溝通、合作。隨著年齡增長，我們學(xué)會如何承擔(dān)責(zé)任，甚至是學(xué)會帶領(lǐng)小團(tuán)隊(duì)，漸漸地學(xué)會帶領(lǐng)更大的團(tuán)隊(duì)。在課余活動(dòng)中我們學(xué)會如何跟不同的人交往，如何建立自己的影響力，如何積極引導(dǎo)他人，如何通過不向他人施壓的方式使人信服。我覺得這些都要在青少年時(shí)期，甚至是童年時(shí)期就要開始學(xué)習(xí)。
And besides this, I learned that, besides working hard at school, it's important to have spare time besides the time in school. Because the capabilities, the things you learn outside the school horizon are very important. Like, if you live in the countryside and you organize yourself in smaller groups, whatever, in our society, it's often the church, or it's often charity organizations, you learn a lot, you learn to cope with others. If you then grow older, you learn to take over responsibilities, even lead a smaller group and then lead broader groups. So you learn how to manage groups of people, how to have a reasonable influence, how to have a positive influence on people, how to manage things without putting pressure but in convincing people. And I think this you learn very, very early on in your childhood and adolescence.
我從15歲左右加入搖滾樂隊(duì)玩音樂，這鼓舞了我的一生。在樂隊(duì)里我學(xué)會玩樂器、唱歌，學(xué)會跟別人一起做音樂。通過音樂，我學(xué)會了很多在學(xué)校學(xué)不到的東西，我學(xué)會了許多社交技巧。所以我對年輕人的建議是，要在課余之外有自己的一片天地，學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)下看起來沒有特殊意義但一定會讓你受益終生的技能。
But when I was an adolescent like 15, 16, 17 years of age, I started playing music in a rock band. And even that has been very inspiring. You learn an instrument, you learn to sing, you learn to do music with others together. And by playing music, you learn many different things that you would not learn in school. I think you learn a lot of social skills, too. So my advice for young people is to do things outside the regular school schedule, to learn things that may not have a specific purpose at the moment, but will help you a lot during the course of your life.

3、您職業(yè)生涯中是否有對您來說很重要的導(dǎo)師，他們教會您什么，是如何啟發(fā)您的呢？

Who have been you greatest influences? What have they taught you and how have they inspired you?

說到我生命中對我影響最大的人，肯定是我的父母。但從我的職業(yè)生涯來看，這個(gè)人是我的舅舅——我媽媽的兄弟。在三十年前甚至是四十年前，他已經(jīng)是全德國最具影響力的婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生。他是一名非常謙遜、德高望重、技術(shù)精湛的外科醫(yī)生。很久以前，他手把手地教我，帶我做手術(shù)、照顧病人，教我學(xué)習(xí)和思考問題的方式。他還會教我如何給予病人最好的照顧，除了治療疾病之外還能如何幫助病人。比如說，他教我從社會心理學(xué)方面考慮，我應(yīng)該在什么時(shí)機(jī)、如何跟病人家屬談話，這些對我來說影響深遠(yuǎn)，讓我獲益匪淺。每當(dāng)我做決定時(shí)，他總是無條件支持我，比如我想出國、想到不同的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，我想拜訪不同的醫(yī)院和科室，我想到美國去做科研等。
When it comes to the greatest influence of my life, obviously, it's the parents, but maybe for my professional development, it was my uncle, the brother of my mother. At that time, 30 or even 40 years ago, he has been the most influential gynecologist in the country. He has been a very modest man, but a very influential, very good, and extremely skilled surgeon. He kind of took me by the hand, and introduced me very early to surgery, to patient care, to how you learn a lot, how you can see things, how you can possibly best treat patients, what are strategies to help people even beyond their immediate disease. Like, are there psychosocial aspects? Do you have to talk to relatives and not just treat the disease? That has been a very strong influence and a very big help. And he always supported me when I had ideas like going abroad, going to a different university, visiting different clinics, visiting different hospitals, going to the U.S. doing research over there...
我覺得每個(gè)人都要有一個(gè)人生導(dǎo)師，他不一定是你的家人。他幫助你不是出于私利，但對你來說大有裨益。他會在你人生和職業(yè)生涯的路上給予你合適的建議和幫助。
I think you benefit largely when you have a mentor. It does not have to be a family member. But it's very helpful if you have somebody who takes care of you, not for their own interest, but who helps you during different steps during your life and during your career.

4、從您自身經(jīng)驗(yàn)出發(fā)，對于一名醫(yī)生來說，到不同醫(yī)院或者不同國家訪問的重要性？

Based on your experience, how important is it for a medical doctor to visit different hospitals or different countries?

對于任何一位醫(yī)生來說，去不同的醫(yī)院、國家訪問都是至關(guān)重要的。你可以看到、感覺到甚至親身體驗(yàn)到治療同一種疾病的不同療法，甚至同一種療法也有很多不同的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。更重要的是，你的思維會變得更加開闊，你對同一個(gè)問題的不同解決方案也有更多想法。
I really think it is of paramount importance and of utmost importance. The thing is, if you go to different places, if you go to different countries, you can see, you can feel, you can experience that the same disease that the same problem can be solved by different approaches. And you can see that there are many ways leading to one solution or to one good solution. The important thing is that your mind becomes broader, and you become more open to different solutions to one specific problem.
如果你一直在同一家醫(yī)院學(xué)習(xí)、工作，工作方式一成不變，你的上司只教你用一種方法，你也只會用一種方法解決問題。如果你到不同醫(yī)院訪問，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)還有很多方法。而且你在外院學(xué)到、看到的這些方法，療效可能跟你原有方法一樣甚至更好。所以訪問不同的地方、不同的國家會開拓你的視野，我確信多外出訪問不僅能使我們成長為更好的醫(yī)生，也能使我們成長為更好的人。
If you grow up just in one hospital, you always do the same thing. Your boss always tells you to use the same approach, and you always solve the problem in one and the same manner.If you go to different places, you see that you can solve it in different manners. Probably, and most likely, you can see and you can learn that other solutions are at least equally as good or maybe even better.So going to different places, visiting different countries broadens your horizon and I'm absolutely convinced that it makes you a better doctor and a better person.
在德國，所有醫(yī)院職位都是公開招聘的，全世界的應(yīng)聘者都可以申請。我們不像美國、法國或者意大利，（這些國家）的職位是國內(nèi)分配的。在德國大家可以直接寫求職信到相應(yīng)的科室求職。我們的系統(tǒng)非常靈活，但因此競爭也非常激烈。我們絕對不會聘請一個(gè)沒有海外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的年輕醫(yī)生。我們要求最少有半年海外經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一年為佳。
To put things straight, we have the system in my country that if you have open positions, people can apply from all over the world. So we don't have a national distribution pattern, like in the US or like in France, or in Italy. In my country in Germany, you can write a letter to a chairperson and tell the people that you would like to apply for a job. So the system is very flexible, is very competitive. And we would never ever hire a young doctor who has not been abroad, at least for half a year or better a year.
在歐洲，出國學(xué)習(xí)是極度容易的事。歐洲有一個(gè)伊拉斯謨計(jì)劃，所有歐洲大學(xué)生都能通過申請這個(gè)項(xiàng)目到國外交換，項(xiàng)目費(fèi)用由歐盟資助，所以現(xiàn)在出國是非常簡單的事。最起碼在我的理解里，假如一個(gè)年輕醫(yī)生想找份好工作，或者想在簡歷里增添一些閃光點(diǎn)，他們必須到不同的國家去，多看看新鮮事物。
In Europe, it is extremely easy to go to different countries and to study in different countries. We do have a program that is called Erasmus, which allows every European student to study abroad during university studies, and it is even financed by the European Union. So nowadays, it's very easy (to go abroad). At least in my understanding, if you wanna work at a good place, if you wanna really add something as a young doctor, you must have benefited from that program and visit different places to see different things.

5、恭喜您成為慕尼黑大學(xué)醫(yī)院副院長。您任職后接下來幾年的計(jì)劃可以跟我們分享下嗎？

Congratulations on taking the position as the Deputy Medical Director of LMU hospital. Could you please share with us your plan on this position for the following years?

首先非常感謝大家對我的祝賀。說實(shí)在的，慕尼黑大學(xué)醫(yī)院副院長的工作量真的非常大。最有趣的是，這個(gè)職位是沒有工資的，這是一個(gè)為公共利益奉獻(xiàn)自己的職位，并且我要盡可能低調(diào)行事。
Thank you so much for your congratulations. Just to put things straight, becoming a deputy medical director here at the LMU is a lot of work. And the fun is that it is not paid, which means it is an extra time that you really devote to the common benefit.
也就是說，我做副院長并不會影響我們醫(yī)院未來十年的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。我的職位相當(dāng)于一個(gè)緊急聯(lián)系人，其他的科室主任和教授聯(lián)系不上院董事會的時(shí)候，他們就會聯(lián)系我。我是院董事會里最容易聯(lián)系得上的人。所以每當(dāng)其他教授和主任出現(xiàn)問題的時(shí)候，他們會直接打電話給我，讓我?guī)兔鉀Q問題。
I really try to do a very modest life, which means my job as the Deputy Medical Director is not affecting the strategy where we wanna be in the next 10 years. My position is more or less the the emergency call for the other Directors or the other professors who usually cannot reach the board of the hospital. It's very difficult to reach other board members than myself. So if other professors or Chair people have a problem, they take their phone to call Chris Stief. And they ask me to help them with their problems.
副院長的日常工作就是幫大家解決問題。舉個(gè)例子，我們現(xiàn)在面臨的一大危機(jī)就是新冠肺炎。比如說我們泌尿外科日常開放病床是103張，但是現(xiàn)在只有60張，醫(yī)院里1/3的醫(yī)療資源都投入到新冠病人的照護(hù)中?，F(xiàn)在新冠肺炎是德國醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)大危機(jī)，所以我每天都要做很多協(xié)調(diào)工作，幫助大家同時(shí)照顧好“常規(guī)病人”和新冠病人。所以一句話總結(jié)，我把我的職位看作一個(gè)給大家解決每天、每周、每月甚至每年問題的職位，而不會影響醫(yī)院未來十年的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。
Like, at the moment, we have a big big problem with Covid-19 over here. To give you an idea, on normal days as a department of urology we have about 103 beds. And at the moment we have about 60, so at least 1/3 of the capacity of our hospital is in taking care of Covid patients, both intubated and non intubated. So it's a big big thing here in our health care system. And I try to help people solve problems so that they can take care both of their so-called normal patients and of their Covid patients. So to summarize, I see my job as Deputy Medical Director to solve daily or weekly or, let's say, monthly problems and maybe yearly problems, but not the strategy for the next 10 years.

6、您未來幾年的個(gè)人計(jì)劃是什么？

What about your personal plan?

我個(gè)人的計(jì)劃非常簡單。我們科室已經(jīng)成為全球范圍內(nèi)最大規(guī)模的泌尿外科之一。在德國有很多調(diào)查，有好幾個(gè)手術(shù)質(zhì)量及醫(yī)療質(zhì)量評估系統(tǒng)，并且這些調(diào)查結(jié)果都是非常公正的。在過去幾年的德國泌尿外科醫(yī)療質(zhì)量評估中，我們科室一直名列前茅。因此我在未來幾年的計(jì)劃是，我們要盡一切努力讓我們的診療人次、護(hù)理質(zhì)量、手術(shù)質(zhì)量和保守治療質(zhì)量都保持在領(lǐng)先地位。最重要的是，在力所能及的范圍內(nèi)給予病人最高質(zhì)量的照護(hù)，我不能說全球之最，但起碼在德國是這樣，這就是我的動(dòng)力所在。
My personal plan is very simple. We have become, let's say, one of the real big departments of urology worldwide. And at least there are several systems that you can look at the quality of the medical care and of the surgery you provide to the patients because we have nationwide surveys. And these surveys cannot be influenced. During the last years, we were even the leader in medical quality in urology, in our country. So my strategy for the next years would be that we try anything to keep the high patient numbers and that we try definitely anything to provide the high-quality care of care that we provide to the patient, both in surgery and in conservative medicine. That is of paramount importance that the patient care we provide should be the best possible. I won’t say on earth, but at least in my country, that is what drives me.

7、您如何平衡行政、臨床、科研、教學(xué)工作及個(gè)人生活？

How do you balance the personal life, administration, clinical practice, research activities and lecturing?

這是一個(gè)非常棘手的問題，我的個(gè)人生活和工作之間的分配是非常不均衡的。我必須承認(rèn)，我這一生當(dāng)中，起碼在過去的35年中，我大部分的時(shí)間和精力都投入在工作上了。
That is a very, very terrible question. The question is so terrible because there is, obviously a huge discrepancy between my private life and professional life. And I really have to admit that I kind of dedicate my lifetime, at least the last 35 years to the job and not to private matters.
自我24歲從醫(yī)以來，我每天工作14小時(shí)，周末甚至更久。工作日的大部分時(shí)間我都投入在臨床活動(dòng)上。周末我一般規(guī)劃科研活動(dòng)。以我現(xiàn)在的職務(wù)，即使我想親手做科研也不能自己做。我一般會為年輕醫(yī)生規(guī)劃、組織他們的科研項(xiàng)目，為他們爭取資金，為他們提供實(shí)驗(yàn)室的位置，幫他們找一些比較有意義的課題。因此我的工作是主導(dǎo)科研方向，而不是親自去做研究。所以我一般在周末和工作日的晚上9到11點(diǎn)做行政和科研工作。
Since I was 24, I work about 14 hours a day. And I usually work long hours on the weekend. During the week, I devote almost all my time to patient care. And over the weekend, I structure research, which means at my position, even if  I am very motivated, I cannot do the research myself. The only thing is that I can facilitate research for the young ones. I can try to provide money for the young ones. I can try to provide lab space. I can try to find interesting projects. Thus my job is to structure the research, but I cannot do the research myself. Usually, I do administration and research activities over the weekend or in the evening between 9 and 11.

8、作為多個(gè)領(lǐng)先泌尿科學(xué)會的活躍成員，您認(rèn)為這些學(xué)會對泌尿外科和臨床醫(yī)生有何重要意義？

You have been an active member of many leading organizations or societies in the field of urology. How important do you think these societies are to the field of urology and to the urologists?

從我的自身經(jīng)驗(yàn)來說，我們參加活動(dòng)的初衷是為了更好的病人護(hù)理。只有當(dāng)同行們相聚一堂，對治療理念、科研項(xiàng)目各抒己見的時(shí)候，才能為病人創(chuàng)造好的甚至卓越的護(hù)理。因此要盡可能加強(qiáng)與國際同行的思想、科研和學(xué)術(shù)交流。
My lifetime experience is that basically good patient care is the aim of our job. And good or even excellent patient care is only possible if you have a free exchange of ideas, of concepts, of projects, of research activities, with other ones, and the best is the case where you have a free exchange of ideas, of science and knowledge with as many international colleagues as possible.
這意味著我們要參加大型的國際會議，比如美國和歐洲的泌尿外科年會，每年吸引世界各地15,000到20,000名專家參加，大家可以在年會上暢所欲言，討論泌尿外科現(xiàn)有的問題、新的科研方向、新的治療理念。國際會議和國際交流的意義在于為學(xué)科建設(shè)規(guī)劃藍(lán)圖，推動(dòng)整個(gè)學(xué)科發(fā)展。另外我們還有國內(nèi)會議或區(qū)域性會議。
This is usually done on big international meetings like the American or the European urological meetings where about 15,000 to 20,000 specialists come from all over the world, where you discuss very openly and very freely what ongoing problems are, what ongoing ideas are, and what ongoing concepts to solve these problems are. International meetings and international exchange are all about the big picture and are really advancing the field.
注重臨床服務(wù)的泌尿外科醫(yī)生一般會參加區(qū)域性或者國內(nèi)的年會，學(xué)習(xí)近兩年最新的診療理念。這些會議一般不討論學(xué)科5年內(nèi)的發(fā)展方向，因?yàn)槟鞘菄H會議討論的事情。國內(nèi)的會議一般討論當(dāng)下的診療方案，這就是參加區(qū)域性和國內(nèi)會議的意義。
On the other hand, there are so-called national or local meetings. These national and local meetings also have very important features. The office-based urologists, who work in the city and take care of daily patients, go to national and to local meetings and learn what is up to date in the year 2021 or next year 2022. They don't care so much about what will be the future in 5 years, which will be discussed in international meetings. These national meetings focus more on what the treatment for today is up to. And that's the role of local and national meetings.
總而言之，學(xué)會和學(xué)術(shù)會議分為兩種，一種是大型的國際學(xué)會或者學(xué)術(shù)會議，大家參會是為了討論學(xué)科5年內(nèi)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，包括診斷和治療方案的發(fā)展。其次是區(qū)域性和國內(nèi)會議。以泌尿外科為例，在這些國內(nèi)會議上大家可以了解到前列腺癌或尿失禁現(xiàn)有的治療方案，同時(shí)國際會議也可推動(dòng)科研發(fā)展，進(jìn)而改善病人護(hù)理，但是國際會議只適合在本領(lǐng)域深耕多年的專家參與。
To summarize, there are two entirely different levels of international meetings and of international societies. There are really the big international meetings. We go there to have an idea of where the development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is, where the strategy in 5 years will be. And then, on the other hand, there are local and national meetings where we go to see what the treatment of, let's say, prostate cancer or incontinence nowadays is. And big international meetings definitely help to advance the science, to advance patient care. But that really is for the ones what deeply involved in the field.

9、您是德語國家每年完成最多泌尿系統(tǒng)癌癥手術(shù)的醫(yī)生，同時(shí)是德國國家科學(xué)院成員之一，您認(rèn)為科研對一個(gè)臨床醫(yī)生有何重要意義？

You are the surgeon operates most major urological cancer operations per year in German-speaking countries and at the same time scientifically active as a member of German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. How important do you think scientific research is to the clinical doctors?

這是醫(yī)學(xué)界的關(guān)鍵。無論是臨床研究還是臨床前研究，對醫(yī)學(xué)各個(gè)專業(yè)的發(fā)展都至關(guān)重要。作為一名外科醫(yī)生，每天都要完成日常的診療工作。這些日常工作基于過去或者當(dāng)下的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但是當(dāng)涉及到明天、明年或者十年后的診療策略時(shí)，就要求醫(yī)生必須參加科研活動(dòng)。我們必須從細(xì)胞、亞細(xì)胞、組織的層面去考慮疾病的潛在機(jī)制，去研究某種特定疾病的診斷方法。研究出診斷方法后，我們還需要研究治療方案。
Scientific research, both clinical and preclinical, is of paramount importance for the development of every specialty in medicine. As a doctor, especially as a surgeon, you do your daily job based on the experience of the past and maybe on the experience of today. But when it comes to treatment strategies to diagnostic approaches for the patients for tomorrow, for next year, or for 10 years, you have to be engaged in research.You have to see what the underlying mechanisms of disease are on a cellular level, on a sub-cellular level, on a tissue level, to think about what may be the next step in diagnostics for a specific disease. And obviously, as the next step, if you understand what may be the next diagnostic, you may think about what may be the next therapeutic approach for better patient treatment.
因此在日常的診療工作中，我們只要掌握以前或者當(dāng)下的經(jīng)驗(yàn)就足夠。但是假如我們想治療明天、明年甚至十年后的病人，就必須要參加科研活動(dòng)，為未來可能會發(fā)生的疾病作打算，并從個(gè)人、團(tuán)隊(duì)、科室、醫(yī)院的角度考慮如何給病人提供最好的照護(hù)。
So, in daily clinical practice, experience from the past and today is sufficient. But when you think about treating patients tomorrow and next years or 10 years, you definitely have to be engaged in scientific research to see what comes next for our patient and how can I help, how can we help, how can the department help, how can the hospital help in achieving that goal.

10、至今您最自豪的職業(yè)成就是什么，為什么？

What is your proudest career achievement to date and why?

這個(gè)問題很簡單，我從業(yè)至今最自豪的成就是成為利奧波第那科學(xué)院的院士。這是德國國家科學(xué)院，同時(shí)也是世界上現(xiàn)存最古老的學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)有約1500名院士，大部分來自德國、奧地利及瑞士，30%的院士來自其他國家。這里擁有過百位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主，因此選舉過程嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)而復(fù)雜。
That's very simple and very easy. The proudest achievement of my scientific career is becoming a member of the Leopoldina, which is our National Academy of Science. It is the oldest scientific academy still existing worldwide, with about 1,500 active members in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Plus, it has about, I think, 30% of international members. It holds hundreds of Nobel laureates. So, it really is very, very selective.
令我自豪的是，我是科學(xué)院內(nèi)第一個(gè)也是唯一一個(gè)泌尿科醫(yī)生。利奧波第那科學(xué)院從來沒有推選過泌尿科醫(yī)生成為院士，我是唯一一個(gè)，這是一件很酷的事情。
And what is very nice for me is that I am the only and first urologist that has become a member over there. There has never been a urologist at the Leopoldina. And at the moment, I'm the only one. So that's a pretty cool thing.
打個(gè)比方，現(xiàn)在為德國政府提供應(yīng)對新冠疫情相關(guān)建議的是利奧波第那科學(xué)院。政府有任何科學(xué)相關(guān)的問題需要尋求建議的時(shí)候，利奧波第那科學(xué)院會提供建議。當(dāng)選院士不僅很酷且極具影響力，因?yàn)閲铱茖W(xué)院的院士能直接接觸政府高官。
And just to give you an idea, at the moment, the adviser who advises the German government on how to cope with Covid-19 is the Leopoldina. So, if our government has a scientific problem or a problem that needs scientific advice, they ask Leopoldina. So being a member of Leopoldina is both very cool and very influential because you have direct access to high politics.

11、您對中國科研人員有什么了解嗎？

How much do you know about the Chinese researchers ?

我覺得全世界和整個(gè)科學(xué)界都應(yīng)該衷心感謝中國的科研人員。雖然我不是新冠疫情的一線抗疫人員，但是據(jù)我了解，新冠病毒基因序列是由上海的科研人員首先發(fā)布的，這為后續(xù)的病毒檢測和治療策略提供了基礎(chǔ)。
I really think the world and the scientific world owe a lot to Chinese researchers. Like, I'm not involved in Covid-19, but as far as I know, it has been a Chinese researcher from Shanghai who first published the genome of the virus, which allowed to develop the tests, to develop the treatment strategies.
我認(rèn)為中國科研人員是全球科研團(tuán)體不可或缺的一部分，我們需要開放的渠道和無間的交流。中國有非常多優(yōu)秀且能力極強(qiáng)，受過良好培訓(xùn)的科研人員和醫(yī)生，我們需要在各種數(shù)據(jù)和項(xiàng)目上跟中國的科研人員進(jìn)行友好、廣泛的交流和討論。
I think it's very, very important that the Chinese researchers become or stay part of the worldwide scientific bodies, that we have open access, free exchange. There are so many smart and extremely well-trained and extremely intelligent researchers and medical doctors in China that we definitely need a friendly tone, a daily discussion, and an open exchange of data and projects with them.
幸運(yùn)且值得自豪的是，我們與廣州一所大學(xué)正在進(jìn)行兩項(xiàng)大型科研項(xiàng)目的合作，一個(gè)是膀胱癌相關(guān)項(xiàng)目，一個(gè)是良性前列腺增生相關(guān)項(xiàng)目，兩個(gè)均由中國政府資助。
We are fortunate and very proud that we have two big scientific projects with Chinese researchers from a university in Guangzhou. We have one on bladder cancer and another big one on benign prostatic hyperplasia sponsored by the Chinese government at the moment.

12、對于想要從事泌尿外科的人，您有什么建議？

What advice would you give to someone hoping to start a career in urology?

我有一些普遍適用的建議給孩子們和年輕學(xué)生。第一，努力學(xué)習(xí)、努力工作；第二，保持開放和好奇的心態(tài)；第三，多去不同的地方和國家訪問、學(xué)習(xí)；第四，不努力的時(shí)候就努力地玩。努力工作學(xué)習(xí)之余，也要盡情享受人生，我認(rèn)為這也是很重要的。第五，學(xué)會低調(diào)謙遜，越成功就要越謙遜。
I think these are general advice you give to your kids, to young pupils, to young students. First, work hard. Second, stay open, stay curious. The third one would be to go to different places, go to different countries. Fourth, if you don't work hard, party hard, which means to enjoy life after you have worked hard, I think that's very important. And the fifth suggestion would be if you become successful, be very modest, the more successful you become, the more modest you should become.

13、假如您不從醫(yī)的話，您會從事什么行業(yè)？

What would you have been if you had not been a medical doctor?

這個(gè)問題對我來說太難了，因?yàn)槲页錾詠砭驼J(rèn)為自己是要成為醫(yī)生?，F(xiàn)在想想，如果不當(dāng)醫(yī)生的話也許我會成為一名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家吧。
That's a very difficult question because all my life I thought I would become a medical doctor. I think I would have become an economist.

14、除了醫(yī)學(xué)外，您還有什么興趣愛好？

What are your hobbies outside medicine?

我喜歡打網(wǎng)球，偶爾會去爬山，平時(shí)會閱讀很多書籍。我喜歡藝術(shù)，我在學(xué)醫(yī)的同時(shí)修了藝術(shù)。我最喜歡的是11—14世紀(jì)期間的歐洲藝術(shù)，也就是羅馬式藝術(shù)和哥特式藝術(shù)。我經(jīng)常去看展會、飛到各地教堂參觀、到處看畫。我家到處都是藝術(shù)品。我會讀很多藝術(shù)類的書籍，學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)相關(guān)知識，我非常享受這一切。
My hobby is playing tennis. I hike a bit. I read a lot. And I like fine arts. When I studied medicine, I studied fine arts in parallel. What I like a lot is European art between the 11th and the 14th century, what we call Roman and Gothic Art. I like that a lot. So I go to exhibitions, I fly to all churches, I look at all paintings. My house is filled with art. I like it a lot, I read a lot and I learn a lot. I really enjoy this.

2022年 Prof. Stief 將在中國招收泌尿外科臨床醫(yī)學(xué)博士，學(xué)時(shí)兩年，完成博士畢業(yè)論文即可獲得德國醫(yī)學(xué)博士學(xué)位（MD）。

Prof. Stief’s team is now open for application from China for an M.D. degree in Urology. The qualified candidate could get a degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich after finishing a 2-year full-time study.